WebThe aim of the study was to establish factors affecting youth participation in political governance in Ndirande Township in Blantyre, Malawi. VCU Scholars Compass | Virginia Commonwealth University Voter turnout depends on the type of election. Political parties also have an important role to play in political participation. Image Guidelines 5. Political Participation in the United States: Influences & Voter (2011), Studying gender in US politics: where do we go from here?, Politics and Gender, Vol. Specifically, it sought how culture, trust in governance institutions and civic education affect youth participation in political governance in Blantyre, Malawi. Some studies concluded that the difference in age between individuals affects political participation as the ratio of political participation between young and older people is high (Pyeatt and Yanus, 2018, p. 189). Social environment includes elements like education, occupation, income, age sex, race, caste, ethnicity, mobility and habitation. People can vote for representatives, who make policies that will determine how much they have to pay in taxes and who will benefit from social programs. However, most participants are not activists for these causes. The study concluded that, Although the democratic transition and the subsequent constitutional and legal amendments in Jordan, which gave women equal rights with men, and allowing engagement in political parties and civil activities, there was a gap in the voting of Jordanian university students in national and local elections due to some demographic factors (gender and age), economic factors (family income) and some social factors (regional affiliation). Leigh, B.T. Webinterest group. This was consistent with the studies of Pyeatt and Yanus (2018), Palmer and Simon (2008) that emphasized that the difference in regions, districts and regional affiliation affected voting in elections. Although the youth represent the largest number in these countries, their voting in elections is very poor. However, there have not been great fluctuations in turnout since the institution of universal suffrage in 1920. Dolan, K. (2011), Do women and men know different things? (2003), Not all cues are created equal: the conditional impact of female candidates on political engagement, Journal of Politics, Vol. But this political apathy influences political participation it is not much clear and certain. The ratio of voting within the category (Palestinians) was low. 3, pp. There was a gender gap between males and females in voting in national and local elections. Flanigan, W. H. and Nancy H. Zingale, Political Behavior of the American Electorate, 9th ed. For example, running for mayor of New York City requires 7,500 signatures and addresses on a petition. Psychological analysis Examining what causes an individual to run for office, decide to Policy, Preferences, and Participation: Government's Impact Al-Mohammad, S.M. They can communicate their interests, preferences, and needs to government by engaging in public debate (Verba, Schlozman, & Brady, 1995). Residency requirements limited access to registration offices. Urbanization as the first stage of the modernization process tends to raise literacy; increased literacy tends to increase the media exposure; and increasing media exposure facilitates wider political participation. A unique and special political act, voting allows for the views of more people to be represented than any other activity. More voters were mobilized during this period of political upheaval in which people focused on issues of race relations, social welfare, and the Vietnam War (Piven & Cloward, 2000). The survey was conducted in the academic year 2018-2019 and the questionnaire was used to collect the data after being reviewed by two jurors Peer Reviewers from Cairo University and Al-Al Bayt. McDonald, M., Voter Turnout, United States Election Project, http://elections.gmu.edu/voter_turnout.htm. 2, pp. Social psychologists have emphasized on psychological traits which stem from individual personality and cognitive structures. It can be concluded that the difference in age groups affects political participation. In the US, political ideology, efficacy, structural barriers, and demographics all play a role in determining the nature and level of political participation. People salute the flag and recite the pledge of allegiance at the beginning of a school day, and they sing the national anthem at sporting events. Although the political participation base expanded in Jordan, youth remained reluctant to participate in elections. The ratio of voting in the category (less than 500 dinar) was low, but, the ratio of voting for the other two categories was high. Education and Political Participation | British Journal of Political They can take part in organizations that work to directly influence policies made by government officials. These groups are as diverse as the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), which supports animal rights, the Concord Coalition, which seeks to protect Social Security benefits, and the Aryan Nation, which promotes white supremacy. Why are certain demographic groups more likely to align with the Democratic or Republican Party? The directive to write your member of Congress is taken seriously by increasing numbers of citizens: legislators e-mail boxes are filled daily, and millions of letters are processed by the Capitol Hill post offices. The right to participate is a defining feature of democratic political systems but is not fully exercised. 35 No. Peoples attitudes about government and politics can influence their decision to participate. Socioeconomic characteristics of a population, including age, race, gender, religion, marital status, occupation, education level, and more. Political scientists measure how US political behavior, attitudes, and ideologies are shaped by a number of factors over time. The reason for the low voting ratio of the Palestinians in Jordan was due to the fact that they saw the candidates inefficiency. Political socialization: lesson overview (article) | Khan 97-107. In the same context, Pyeatt and Yanus (2018) asserted that the difference in regional affiliation affected the political orientations of individuals. What are the ways in which Americans participate in politics? In addition, political participation is voluntary activities, in which the individual participates in the selection of rulers, and formulates public policies, directly or indirectly. FACTORS AFFECTING