To submit a letter to the editor for publication, write to, This Map Shows Where Biodiversity Is Most at Risk in America. (2022) The Ramsar Convention Seceretariat. Many cases reported on not the actual implementation and outcomes of NbS, but rather on the potential of adopting specific approaches (e.g., agroforestry/intercropping on marginal lands, application of halophytes to restore degraded soil on grazelands) as a tool to rehabilitate degraded land and wetlands. Prvlie R (2016) Drylands extent and environmental issues. Which part of the immune system immediately responds to infection or injury? (2022b, April 17). Every time a species goes extinct or genetic diversity is lost, we will never know whether research would have given us a new vaccine or drug. So, policymakers and scientists must collaborate to ensure that only native plant and tree species are used for afforestation, if the intervention is to count as a NbS. Here, we systematically review the application of nature-based solutions in rural drylands around the world with all four types of aridity indices defined by the United Nations: dry sub-humid, semi-arid, arid and hyper arid areas (see Fig. As reported by Li et al. Slider with three articles shown per slide. This is only a small portion of the total number of species on Earth. Without a diversity of pollinators, plants, and soils, our supermarkets would have a lot less produce. WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST. It exists in only two locations, one in southern Texas and the other in northern Mexico. Wetlands in the Aral Sea basin were reported to have been impacted by anthropogenic activities that led to the degradation of vegetation in the riparian zone (Jiang, Jiapaer, Bao, Guo, & Ndayisaba, 2017), (Kasprzykowski, Goawski, Mitrus, & Staski, 2014). California is leading the way in tackling some of these challenges. 184. Ecological biodiversity is the diversity of ecosystems, natural communities, and habitats. ILRI, Nairobi Kenya, 4, IUCN (2016) IUCN Resolutions, Recommendations and other Decisions. Search results included English and Russian languages for both search engines, as a majority of the research performed historically in Central Asia has been reported in the Russian language; results returned in any other languages were excluded (due to linguistic limitations of the research team). For instance, some diseases kill only one kind of tree. Overuse of natural resources. There is scant evidence of research and development activities happening before or after afforestation in the Aralkum desert in the literature, beyond the publications cited above. But they are one of the most imperiled wildlife groups in the United States. In 4 seconds, you will be redirected to nwfactionfund.org, the site of the National Wildlife Action Fund, a 501(c)(4) organization. Although all of these insects have a similar structure and may be genetic cousins, the beautiful variety of colors, shapes, camouflage, and sizes showcase the level of diversity possible even within a closely-related group of species. This single pixel includes seven species, such as the Escambia map turtle, narrow pigtoe mussel and round ebonyshell mussel. J Clean Product 298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126680, Dubovyk O, Menz G, Khamzina A (2016) Land Suitability Assessment for Afforestation with Elaeagnus Angustifolia L. in Degraded Agricultural Areas of the Lower Amudarya River Basin. Areas permanently protected for biodiversity. However, within the dried-out Aral Seabed, there are different types of soils, some of which are not suitable for afforestation due to the high salt and sand contents (Bakirov, Khamzaev, & Novitskiy, 2020), (Shomurodov, et al., 2021). Forests are cut for lumber and firewood. 1. rep., Land Degradation Neutrality Target Setting Programme of the Secretariat and the Global Mechanism of the UNCCD. Biodiversity can include everything from towering redwood trees to tiny, single-cellalgaethat are impossible to see without a microscope.Kinds of BiodiversityA common way to measure biodiversity is to count the total number of species living within a particular area.Tropicalregions, areas that are warm year-round, have the most biodiversity.Temperateregions, which have warm summers and cold winters, have less biodiversity. However, authors (Zhang, Sun, Huettmann, & Liu, 2022) argue that afforestation activities can also fail both economically and environmentally as it was in the case of China and the planting of maladapted species, along with an absence of post-forestation monitoring to check on the survivability of trees. Looking at samples of soil or water through a microscope reveals a whole world of bacteria and other tiny organisms. Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society. The desiccation and subsequent almost complete loss of the Aral Sea, once the worlds fourth largest inland water body (Lemly, Kingsford, & Thompson, 2000), having had far-reaching social, economic and ecological implications in all countries of Central Asia aggravated the situation even more. All dogs are part of the same species, but their genes can dictate whether they are Chihuahua or a Great Dane. At least 40,000 different plant species live in the Amazonrainforestof South America, one of the most biologically diverse regions on the planet. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to systematically review nature-based solutions in dryland ecosystems, and certainly the first with a specific geographic focus on the Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan as a case study. The Aral Seaformerly the fourth largest inland lake in the world, and the centre of a thriving fishing industryhas shrunk drastically since the early 1960s due to the misuse of river flow for irrigation, and is now represented by a highly saline southern Aral Sea in Uzbekistan and northern Aral Sea in Kazakhstan. Springer Netherlands. These threats have caused an unprecedented rise in the rate of species extinction. Find out more information about biodiversity. Many conservationists emphasize that the places with the most imperiled species arent the only important ones to safeguard. Some of the activities have direct effects on species and ecosystems, such as habitat loss and degradation, overexploitation (such as overfishing), and the spread of non-native species and diseases. 3. D Z Which statements describe the relationship between the area and the biodiversity of an ecosystem? Nearly half of the Asian continent is covered by drylands, which contributes to an estimated 34% of the worlds drylands. This means that millions of other organisms remain a complete mystery. Species that are now abundant arent going to be if we dont protect some of these other habitats, said Brian ODonnell, the director of Campaign for Nature, a coalition of conservation groups.