Uprety, Prem Raman. The Lama, as the chief of spiritual/religious works for the individual, household, and community, also plays a role in the sphere of education and ritual activities. M Phil Thesis. world and the social development is slow. Adapt or Abandon? Hard Choices in the Himalayas - SAPIENS 3 and described in the following section. 1975. The Lo King and his officials sponsored to arrange religious councils between 14721475, where over nine hundred monks attended the meetings (Dhungel 2002). ethnol. On our way back, we visit it and the shrine of Muktinath. They were not allowed to leave their area without permission and were not allowed to marry Tibetans. This is a dry high-altitude desert where dust storms swirl and seek out orifices in your face and crevices and creases in your body to deposit sand particles. The role of local institutions in adaptation to climate change. The paper presents the role of the galbo, (Lo King), ghenba (Village Chief), Lama (Monk), and dhongba (Household) as local institutions that act in close relation and make community-level decisions. Historical writing (Dhungel 2002) and local oral history information that the Lo region was influenced by Tibetan Buddhism which was introduced by Guru Rinpoche (Padmasambhava), who also established the Lo Ghekar monastery in Marang and Upper Mustang, after the domination of the Bon tradition of the region during 74647 AD (Dhungel 2002). Neither Dinesh, our guide, nor Suman had remembered to educate us on the impossibility of getting flights from Pokhara to Jomsom at short notice. Furthermore, external financial dependency is recognized as a sign of threats to the collapse of Gomba in Lo-manthang. Pasture is managed in turn by splitting them into plots. A PhD Dissertation Submitted to Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. The Loba dress very much like the Tibetan tribes living in the Himalayan region. Associate Professor of Anthropology at the Central Department of Anthropology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal, Associate Professor of Geography and Environment at Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal, You can also search for this author in Furthermore, taking responsibility of chhime becomes more challenging since they imposed NPR. The Lord longs to set the Loba free from earthly and spiritual bondages, and to birth them into the Kingdom founded upon His Son, Jesus Christ. Pray that the Lord will raise up a strong local church among the Loba. The Loba people practice polyandry, where a woman marries multiple men. Dove, 121. So we ended up retracing our steps to Pokhara over the next three days. They cannot be abusive or personal. The local socio-economic, political, and environmental conditions have changed in the Upper Mustang in the last seven decades while the Lobas have been coping and adapting to all of these changes, whether well or hard. The trans-Himalayan region of Nepal has a unique natural landscape and is also called a hidden paradise on Earth. In Lo-manthang, an Amchi School is also established aiming to provide modern education and promote a traditional healing health system. Both men and women of the Loba nationality like Amchi Gyatso Bista informed that the number of village council members increases up to eighteen when they need to decide a date for the crop harvesting and electing the next ghenba. The ranchunchube/dhawa is represented by the monastic Lama. Of course, we did not know this when we decided to hire an SUV, at extortionate rates, to get to Jomsom. Lhoba people One imagines the Loba as an omnipresent being gazing down at culture yet somehow remaining outside . Hari Bahadur KC, then Head Teacher at Dibya Joyti High School Chhoser in Upper Mustang, an eyewitness of the Glacier Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) in 1984, described the situation in which a Lama led a ritual and walked in front of a ritual procession holding a golden Buddha idol, sprinkling the holy water, and chanting sacred mantaras for the peace and security of the people, plants, and livestock during the disastrous GLOF. They perform many rituals at the palace and Gomba (monastery) for the well-being of humans, animals, and plants. It spans 27 50 '- 29 16' n and 103 36 '- 105 20' E. The cit. and women like chili pepper, snuff and alcohol. How the Himba came to be The first settlements of the Himba people can be traced back to the early 16th century when they crossed the Angolan border and chose Kaokoland (nowadays called Kunene region) as their new homeland. Cambridge University Press India. The second name will be the name they received from their parents at birth. The national first-class protected birds include the Tragopan, which is mainly distributed in the forest area of H. 2000. All rights reserved. The first modern scholar to view the paintings of Thubchen and Jampa was the great Tibetologist, Giuseppe Tucci, who was allowed to visit Mustang . Applied Geography 64 (1): 7486. As we were nearing Chumrung, our group of three began to experience the first rumblings of a mutiny. The Lobas of Monthang: Loba ethnography and tourism as development. Women are the ground . Map Design: Joshua Project, Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. Timsina, R.B. Introduction. Similarly, the rates of temperature rise vary in different ecological zones of Nepal: Trans-Himalaya (0.090 C), Himalaya (0.060C), Middle Mountain (0.080 C), Siwalik (0.040 C), and Tarai (0.040 C). Regional Environmental Change 11 (S1): 6577. Now Gomba has started enrollment of novices from other regions of Nepal. The region is called Pemako. based on the ancient myths, legends and stories of the Loba people, or on the For a town with a population of just 800, Lo seemed to be bustling with activity. Gombas were supported by local dhongbas, who were mobilizing local resources. Each year, they come from the Kuthak family. Yibin City is located in the south of Sichuan Province, at the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, and the confluence zone of Jinsha River, Minjiang River and Yangtze River. The participants were informed about the research during the observation of their activities.