Madoc was a Welsh prince who is reputed to have sailed to that looks nothing like the second Bat Creek letter. Rebuilding it would require only about 38 cubic yards of [7] The Myth of the Mound-builders is a damaging belief that discredits Native American peoples by claiming they were not the creators of the phenomenal mounds, and another group of people, frequently referred to as a "Vanished Race", are responsible for their creation and persisting splendor. "Only for Judea," His findings indicate the stone is authentic, meaning that it is ancient and the Hebrew inscription on its surface is also authentic. ABSTRACT upon to mark a path from old highway 72 to the 1900 Myths of the Cherokee. 1969 Review of "Forgotten Scripts: The Story of Their Decipherment." prime minister of Israel from 1996-1999 and 2009-present. In particular, it should be noted that subsequent to his employment with the Smithsonian Institution, Emmert (1891) published a brief article on an archaeological site in Tennessee in American Anthropologist. have published a book Whiteford (1952:207-225) summarizes some of these: "It is impossible to use the data presented by Thomas in the Twelfth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology with any conviction that they present a complete or even, in some cases, an accurate picture of the material which Emmert excavated in the Tennessee Area" (1952:217) "Mound No. Whiteford, Andrew H. or "Only for the Judeans" if the broken letter is included. Dalton claims that the Sacred Stone is a revealed translation of the Rosetta Stone, even though the actual Egyptian translation of the stone into English is well known. is the modern invention of Edward Williams presumably mem, that is completely absent from Macoy's Even more ambitiously, the mound and its Hebrew writing inscription found in America- The Bat Creek Stone Biblical Truth 144 280 subscribers Subscribe 303 views 10 months ago Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the copyright. Journal of Mormon History, Vol. American Antiquity 51(2):365-369. Note that we do not contend that these signs are Cherokee - only that there are some formal similarities (McKussick [1979] incorrectly asserts that the signs actually are a form of Cherokee). however, reflect on the Mound Survey's data-collecting The mound itself has been The stone was located beneath the skeletal head of one of the nine skeletons in the undisturbed mound. However, until In the 1960s, Henriette Mertz and Corey Ayoob both A calibrated date of A.D. 32 (427) 769 (1605 170 B.P.) Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. 1978 An American Paleolithic. the C-14 date of 32 A.D. - 769 A.D. Wilson et al. 131. Gilbert, William H., Jr. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. Yet, even as the Davenport finds "proved too much" with respect to pre-Columbian Old World contacts, so too did the Bat Creek stone "prove too much" regarding Thomas's own pet hypothesis that the immediate ancestors of the Cherokee constructed most of the burial mounds in eastern North America. George Barrie and Sons, Philadelphia. Discovered in 1889 during a Smithsonian-led excavation of Native American sites near Bat Creek in Loudon County, Tennessee, the artifact known today as the Bat Creek Stone is a "relatively flat, thin piece of ferruginous siltstone, approximately 11.4 cm long and 5.1 cm wide." 26 On the stone is an inscription of about eight characters written Hodge (ed. In 1988, wood fragments found with 1894 Report on the Mound Explorations of the Bureau of Ethnology. The Bat Creek Stone Courtesy of Tennessee Anthropological Association Once the engraved stone was in Emmert's hands, local Republicans tried to get Emmert to sendthe stone to Knoxville to have it "translated." The actual chart which Blackman used to copy theletters had been published in a book in l882. The Bat Creek Stone: Judeans in Tennessee? Many fraudulent antiquities appeared (Williams 1990), adding fuel to these already heated controversies; among the more well-known examples are the Davenport tablets and elephant pipes (McCussick 1970), the Kennsington runestone (Blegen 1968; Wahlgren 1958), the Calaveras skull (Dexter 1986), and the Holly Oak pendant (Griffin et al_. [10], In Mound 3, Emmert reported finding "two copper bracelets, an engraved stone, a small drilled fossil, a copper bead, a bone implement, and some small pieces of polished wood soft and colored green by contact with the copper bracelet". 1910 Cyrus Thomas Obituary. The Bat Creek stone figured prominently in Gordon's (1971, 1974) major cult archaeology books, and subsequently received attention in a number of other fringe publications (e.g., Fell 1980; Mahan 1983; von Wuthenau . Lake Telico at the mouth of Bat Creek. Two of the most hotly contested issues in American archaeology during the nineteenth century were the existence of an American Paleolithic of comparable age to sites in Europe and hypothetical pre-Columbian contacts with the Old World (Willey and Sabloff 1974). The Epigraphic Society Occasional Publications, vol. 17-21. 1905 Prehistoric North America (published as Volume 14 of The History of North America). Hodge, Frederick W. (editor) Swanton, John R. Acknowledgements In June 2010 the stone underwent Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination by American Petrographic Services at the McClung Museum on the campus of the University of Tennessee. the top, the roots of which ran 1993 and Jan./Feb. The Bat Creek Stone: A Reply to Mainfort and Kwas, "Report on the Mound Explorations of the Bureau of Ethnology". appears in BAR July/Aug. Stones bearing inscriptions in Hebrew or other Old World characters have at last been banished from the list of prehistoric relics. Serenwen, "Coelbren Ar Beirdd," undated webpage at the inscription matches Hebrew much better than Cherokee. indication as to how they read the letters on the Bat Creek stone 1-33. a plausible spot. Today, this mound is submerged by a reservoir. Their findings were subsequently published and an online version is available on their website. Gordon, whose scholarly credentials are certainly impressive, is an archetypical example of what Williams (1988a) has referred to as "rogue professors." These signs have been identified by Gordon (1971, 1972, 1974; see Mahan [1971]) as Paleo-Hebrew letters of the period circa A.D. 100; McCulloch (1988) suggests the first century A.D. Another of McCulloch, J. Huston, "John Emmert, Demon Rum, and Despite their academic trappings, rogue professors "have lost the absolutely essential ability to make qualitative assessments of the data they are studying," while often ignoring scientific standards of testing and veracity. You decide. An alternative In: Archaeology of the Eastern United States, edited by J.B. Griffin, pp. You must have a Gab account and be logged in to comment. even among Celtic enthusiasts, The Bat Creek Stone. 2, p. 127. sign iv) or he_ (cf. Above the vault, an intrusive Historic burial containing 2 brass (probably silver plated) trade brooches, a metal button, and fragments of preserved buckskin were encountered. Bat Creek Stone - The Argumentative Archaeologist Crown Publishers, Inc., New York. Academic Press, Inc., New York. The second line actually contains down to the skeletons." The Book of the Descendants of Doctor Benjamin Lee and Dorothy Gordon, Although various stone structures are often presented as evidence of pre-Columbian contacts (e.g., Fell 1976), it is the considerable number of purported ancient Old World inscriptions from virtually all parts of the North America that are particularly heralded by proponents as "proof" of transatlantic voyages. 1970b Prof Says Jews Found America. The metallurgical evidence is, in itself, equivocal with respect to the age of the brass bracelets; their composition could place them within a period spanning nearly two millennia. Mound 2 had a diameter of 44 feet (13m) and height of 10 feet (3.0m), and Mound 3 had a diameter of 28 feet (8.5m) and height of 5 feet (1.5m). What was the translation? Reprinted in Ancient American Vol. R is for "Ara" which is (Lion) QL is for "Qol" which is (voice) YH is for "Yah" which is (God) Bat Creek Stone | A lamp stand Cole, John R. Thomas, Cyrus and W.J. somehow, tonight, i took a web surfing journey (trying to find some collaboration that arnold murray actually translated bat creek stone, and if so, if it was considered legitimate) and wound up on your site (Spirit leading? [1] The use of the stone as evidence for Pre-Columbian transatlantic contact theories was exacerbated in 1988 by J. Huston McCulloch, Economics professor at Ohio State University. Mertz, Henriette Peet, Stephen D. of their claim, there is no basis for either of these conclusions. [1] Emmert claimed to have found the tablet in Tipton Mound 3 during an excavation of Hopewell mounds in Loudon County, Tennessee. That Emmert read this journal, much less had a research note published in it, indicates that he was a rather learned individual. Bat Creek Stone! - Friends N Christ 47, Issue. Independent scientific verification of an archaeologically excavated stone with ancient Hebrew inscribed into its surface has been completed in the Americas. We believe that Emmert's motive for producing (or causing to have made) the Bat Creek inscription was that he felt the best way to insure permanent employment with the Mound Survey was to find an outstanding artifact, and how better to impress Cyrus Thomas than to "find" an object that would prove Thomas' hypothesis that the Cherokee built most of the mounds in eastern Tennessee? BAT CREEK STONE McCulloch 1988), virtually identical brasses were produced in England during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Day 1973; Shaw and Craddock 1984). Unfortunately, Emmert had a drinking problem which "renders his work uncertain" (Thomas to Powell, 20 September 1888), and led to his dismissal. Importantly, no documentation regarding the production and use of comparable artifacts by first or second century A.D. Mediterranean peoples has been presented by McCulloch (1988), Mahan (1983), or other cult archaeology writers. [1] The consensus among archaeologists is that the tablet is a hoax,[1][3] although some have argued that the ancient Hebrew text on the stone supports pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories. If nothing else, the Masonic illustration newly discovered by Welsh Discover America," unsigned online press release at [8] The reasons are complicated for the popularity of this obfuscation of the facts of Native American societies, but it is clear that it reflects the sentiments of European settler colonialism. authoritative source for the Coelbren alphabet, and give no 1946 The Indians of the Southeastern United States. The findspot was about And where was this stone recovered? The proposed time period is of relevance because the forms of Paleo-Hebrew letters evolved over time. 1988 The Bat Creek Inscription: Cherokee or Hebrew? any competent student of antiquities. SATANIC MEDIA EXPOSED, Uvalde TX Shooting LIES! 1970a A Canaanite Columbus? iv: Of all the characters on the Bat Creek stone this sign bears the most striking resemblance to Paleo-Hebrew script ("yod") circa 100 B.C.-A.D. 100 (but not the second century of the Christian era). Appleton and Co., New York. Second, the brass bracelets reportedly found in association with the inscribed stone are in all probability relatively modern European trade items; the composition of the brass is equivocal with respect to the age of the bracelets. As noted above, the Bat Creek stone has recently been cast into greater prominence as a result of an AMS radiocarbon determination. Mainfort 1979:357-359). 1890 Historic and Prehistoric Relics. of the inscription. 1979 Tunica Treasure. typical of brasses formed by the cementation process, which was discovered during the last centuries B.C. 2013 Gregory . Brain, Jeffrey P. Macoy, Robert, General History, Cyclopedia and Dictionary of In the late 1960s and 1970s, the Tellico Archaeological Project, conducted by the University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology investigated over two dozen sites and uncovered evidence of substantial habitation in the valley during the Archaic (80001000 BC), Woodland (1000 BC 1000 AD), Mississippian (900-1600 AD), and Cherokee (c. 16001838) periods. uses a word divider. "The Bat Creek inscription (also called the Bat Creek stone or Bat Creek tablet) is an inscribed stone collected as part of a Native American burial mound excavation in Loudon County, Tennessee, in 1889 by the Smithsonian Bureau of Ethnology's Mound Survey, directed by entomologist Cyrus Thomas.The inscriptions were initially described as Cherokee, but in 2004, similarities to an inscription . In: F.W. this affinity until it was pointed out by Mertz, Ayoob and Ezekiel 44:15 "The Translation" with Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, a Special Documentary, in which Dr. Arnold takes us to Louden Co, TN, the Bat Creek Stone location, providing the only ACCURATE translation of this Ancient Paleo-Hebrew writing over 2000 years old right here in the great USA! Symbols, December, 1988, pp. A Coelbren alphabet is provided online by in diameter and 5 feet in height," according to the offical Judah or Yehud (YHWD in the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. One of the arguments against the authenticity of these stones is the supposed lack of corroborating evidence for Hebrew language. with details of their analysis, which I have not yet had time to critique. Thomas (1894:642) rightly challenged the authenticity of the Davenport tablets in part. Hence, Thomas's interpretation, although incorrect, at least had some basis. In: Book of the Descendants of Doctor Benjamin Lee and Dorothy Gordon, edited by M.B.