endobj The term culture is novel and broad. In the context of this understanding, it is plausible to infer that peoples attitudes and feelings about their culture, what is good or bad, what is acceptable or not, what is preferable or not, and why people act the way they do, all lay a sound foundation for the collective belief and value system. Those who live in rural areas simply Its an issue of preference as well. << From an African perspective, the origin of the universe, and of their ancestors as a people, is a mystery the reality of which was revealed at its genesis, through spirit mediums. In many traditional belief systems in Africa, mental health problems, bad luck, and sudden or mysterious deaths, are attributed to either the influence of ancestral spirits or bewitchment [19]. /Resources 125 0 R Ruminate on how each pro and con meshes with your preferences and needs. Between these two broad schools of counseling stem derivative approaches, such as adolescent counseling, careers counseling, child counseling, couples counseling, and psychosocial counseling. Convenient and secure online therapy from the comfort of your home, Psychiatric treatment from a licensed prescriber, Relationship-centered therapy that connects you and your partner, Specialized online therapy for ages 13-17. You might need to ask your supervisor for time off. Sometimes it relates to information-giving only. For one thing, each partner gets the full hour with me. The effects of globalization, acculturation and social integration all bear testimony to this observation. 25 0 obj /Parent 1 0 R The most notable features are the chieftaincy, village headship, tribal clanship, extended family systems, initiation rites, totems and rituals, ancestral worship, religious cults, witchcraft, and social and traditional ceremonies [8]. << /Type /Page These issues are typical, and embedded in the culture and collective belief system: they are a part of cultural life of the people in both rural and urban communities alike, and they represent a paradigm of causation of human problems, some of which are amenable to traditional counseling and healing. The ritual of naming a child may take place at the household level, family level, or church level, and through consultation with a traditional healer. Counseling /Contents 116 0 R A successful marriage is not only measured on the basis of fundamental aspects of stability, longevity, and prosperity, but also on the number of children born. When behavior changes are disconcerting, especially during pubescence and senescence, for instance, they affect attitudes toward the changes unfavorably. /Parent 1 0 R /Type /Page 33 0 obj Advantage: One of the most commonly discussed advantages of online counseling is the sheer convenience of the platform. These values are instrumental in shaping peoples beliefs and attitudes. Spirits associated with places of power are known as natural spirits, and those associated with dead ancestors are known as ancestral spirits. /Resources 102 0 R A recent study, risk of supervisors or co-workers judging or not understanding, How Therapy Subtly Reveals Whether You Have an Eating Disorder, Free Online Therapy: Understanding Therapy vs. Free Counseling, Celebrate Every Step of Therapy: Learn About Why & How. Contact our London head office or media team here. Children are the adornment of a home, an investment for the couple, and the lineage of the family. It involves the social interpretation of reality and the meaning of human experience, culture and life from a constructivist perspective, and recognizes the importance of cultural identity and its centrality in defining associations and relationships within the individual, and between the individual, his family and environment. >> /BG2 /Default /Count 30 Even with health insurance coverage, traditional therapy costs an average $75-150 per session (usually 45-60 minutes). endobj Depending on the scope of the problem, and its nature of representation, traditional counseling approaches promote the active involvement of the family and community in problem identification, resolution, and management. Careers endobj People in all societies, at all times, have experienced emotional or psychological distress and behavioral problems; and in each culture, there have been well-established indigenous ways of helping people to deal with these difficulties. All these aspects contribute to the determination of how a person ought to act or react when confronted with problem situations. Some clients need body language and vocal tone to effectively communicate with a therapist. The search process can be short as well. Closely linked to the issue of witchcraft is the aspect of places of power, and land shrines which are permanent features of the landscape and regarded as inherently sacred, or as the source of spiritual power. /Parent 1 0 R The benefits determined to be enjoyed from these interventions were improved states of happiness and decreases in depressive symptoms. /Contents 103 0 R /Resources 115 0 R The advantages and disadvantages of group therapy must be addressed on an individualized level for them to be effective. At village level, the village committee constitutes the third tier in the hierarchy. << 13 0 obj As with modern counseling models, traditional counseling can take place in varying settings, and for different purposes and needs. They have an obligation to inform, guide, and advise their patients on the many aspects that surround the herbal treatment, observance of rituals related to the herbal remedies, and sexual prohibitions related to traditional taboos and customs. /OPM 1 WebCounselling Therapeutic Approaches; Advantages and Disadvantages. According to Sue, Ivey and Pedersen [25], the fundamental assumptions of multiculturalism are that it is a meta-theory of counseling, as it offers an organizational framework for understanding the numerous counseling approaches that people have developed. The theoretical orientations espoused by different proponents arise from the plurality of modern counseling practice, problem contextualization, and anticipated counseling process outcomes. All they require is a method of payment and email. endobj 15 0 obj The culture of people in any society is partly determined by their belief and value systems, which, in turn, influence the pattern of their social behaviors and actions. /Contents 60 0 R The process will take a little longer if the network requires health insurance, but it should still be quick compared to traditional therapy. 30 0 obj /Encoding 38 0 R /Contents 67 0 R /Contents 58 0 R /CharSet (\057space\057T\057r\057a\057d\057i\057t\057o\057n\057l\057C\057u\057s\057e\057g\057colon\057B\057y\057H\057c\057h\057b\057comma\057P\057R\057k\057f\057p\057two\057zero\057one\057nine\057m\057S\057L\057N\057w\057E\057six\057A\057U\057K\057D\057v\057copyright\057period\057I\057parenleft\057parenright\057hyphen\057five\057seven\057three\057four\057eight) /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.22000 842 ] /CropBox [ 87.12000 246.96000 508.10000 842 ] Ritualism is the regular or excessive practice of rituals, although this view bears a rather negative connotation. << In Zambia, with particular reference to the Nkomeshya chiefdom in Chongwe district for instance, the chiefdom comprises almost 150 villages that are supervised by village headmen/women [3]. /Parent 1 0 R The theory is premised on the understanding that awareness of the sociocultural differences among clients, and the way people view the world are paramount in counseling psychology [26]. The prescribed order of performance is not only limited to religious service, but also encompasses other sociocultural actions and rites, including those performed by traditional leaders and traditional healers.