The British, in hostile territory, held only a few coastal areas in America. Absent Why The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! $99.99 Add to Favorites . Thomas Pattens small company of artificers that supported the artillerymen. Fix Bayonets: The Revolutions Climactic Assault at Yorktown, The Southern Theater of the American Revolution, Baumans Plan of the Investment of York and Gloucester, Yorktown | Assaults on Redoubts 9 and 10 | Oct 14, 1781. The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. To do this, you should consult the Army List. Since the artillerys draft horses had travelled overland and only arrived in early October, moving the guns to the Artillery Park at Yorktown was not accomplished until October 6. [18], Daily reports by the field officer of the batteries were required to mention casualties as well as ammunition consumed. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, Sept.-Oct., 1781. Of his 400 infantrymen, Hamilton lost just nine in the attack, with some 30 wounded, while the 400 French-led troops lost 27 men, with 109 wounded, according to Fleming. Sergt. In regard to the Militia, very little is known and that little is extremely fragmentary. Knox rotated this duty among the company officers of all four Continental artillery regiments. From 1888 onwards, the series contains only muster rolls, there are no longer any pay lists and by 1898 muster rolls were no longer kept by the War Office either. By virtue of its size among the artillery units at Yorktown the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment became the core American artillery unit there. Lamb arrived off Williamsburg in that river by September 25, found nearby Trebells Landing to be a suitable place to land the ordnance, and by October 1 had his guns and supplies ashore. The overall dates are 1756 to 1900, but for most regiments there are volumes for the first half of the 19th century only. The whole operation had consumed fewer than ten minutes., READ MORE:How Alexander Hamilton's Men Surprised the Enemy at the Battle of Yorktown. Name [9], Knox undoubtedly knew before he left New York that he would not have trained gunners sufficient for the number of pieces of siege artillery he planned to take to Yorktown, and this muster provided confirmation. The Grand American Battery, on the right of the American line near the York River, was completed by the afternoon of October 9 and the Left Battery and Bomb Battery were completed early the next day. American Casualties at Yorktown - National Park Service Not at Yorktown surrender. The British Army marched out with colours cased, and drums beating a British or a German march. Sick at F Their daily rate of fire averaged 686 rounds varying from a low of about 240 to a high of over 1,600; American gunners hurled over one hundred tons of metal at the British during the bombardment. research. The successful siege allowed the allies to complete the second parallel trench and snuffed out the last remains of resistance among the British. In a final effort on October 16, Cornwallis attempted a nighttime sea evacuation, but he was stopped by a storm. The 100 Best American Revolution Books of All Time, Reaction to the 1775 Gunpowder Episode by the Independent Company of Albemarle County, Colonel Lewis Nicola: Soldier, Scientist and Man of Letters (part 2), Richard Gridley: A Nearly Forgotten Patriot, David Wooster Kept the Men at Quebec: Giving Credit to a Much-Maligned General, Signals and Pilots: Cooperating with the French Fleet, 1778, This Week on Dispatches: Stuart Lyall Manson on Securing Provisions for American Loyalists in the Upper Saint Lawrence, Sons of Britannia: New Yorks Triumvirate from Colony to Revolution, This Week on Dispatches: Mike Matheny on Remembering Horatio Gates, How Pennsylvania Counties Paid Their Taxes to Congress, Detachment of the 1st Continental Artillery Regiment 44, Entire 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment 242, Detachment of the 3rd Continental Artillery Regiment 25, Detachment of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment 71. 19, 1781 U.S., Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 - Ancestry You can browse these by regiment. Corp'l Aircraft Carrier Yorktown (Yorktown-class) (CV-5) | World War II Database Oct . The men detailed for service in the batteries formed each day at 11 A.M. before marching to their assigned battery or redoubt for a twenty-four-hour tour of duty beginning at noon. see also my Artillery at Yorktown: A Statistical Overview (Part 2 of 2) The Brigade Dispatch. Ibid. William Feltman (Philadelphia: Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1853), 18; Diary of Captain James Duncan, of Colonel Moses Hazens Regiment in the Yorktown Campaign, 1781, Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series (Harrisburg: E.K. The legend about the British singing a popular tune called The World Turned Upside Down originated 30 years after the war in Alexander GardensAnecdotes of the American Revolution2ndseries (Charleston, 1828), p. 18. An analysis of pension applications by members of the 2nd Continental Artillery shows that the majority enlisted in New York. Images of muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other personnel, pay, and supply records of the American Army during the Revolutionary War. Knox assigned Lafayette one company each from the 2nd and 3rd Continental Artillery Regiments under Capt. Yorktown Virtual Tour. New Yorker Assortment, 1 Box. William Stevens provided support to the infantry by advancing six 3-pounders, though the attackers were successful without that support. One of the militiamen, Peter Peiner, died after being wounded during the day beginning October 16, for a total of four killed and five wounded among the artillerymen out of the total American casualties of twenty-four killed and sixty-five wounded. Cornwalliss position is untenable as the Franco-American alliance has artillery on three of his sides, with additional new pieces positioned in redoubts #9 and #10 after their fall. In 1779, despite Louis support, the Continental Army, was still struggling. You can use these records to trace the outline of a soldiers service in the British Army between c.1730 and 1898. Their attempts prove futile. [6] Washington to Lafayette, February 20, 1781, Founders Online website, accessed January 12, 2017; Capt. Both sides were desperately seeking a definitive victory. Docketed by Knox's aide-de-camp, Samuel Shaw: "Prisoners of War under [Earl] Cornwallis." Historical Era American Revolution, 1763-1783 Subjects Muster Rolls and Returns Military History Revolutionary War Prisoner of War Battle 10. [14], In addition to the field officers, captains and captain-lieutenants were assigned each day to command in the batteries. Much of the 1862 Yorktown battlefield encompasses the 1781 battlefield of the American Revolution. You will then need to scroll through the images until you find the correct image. Another British victory, in the Battle of Camden, followed in August 1780. Your email address will not be published. However, the daily reports of ammunition expended do not suggest a dramatic increase in the number of artillery pieces in service throughout the siege. Aerial Assortments. [19] Daily Reports by Field Officers of the Batteries, GLC02437.01228, 01229 and 01232, and Invoice of stores on the lines October 19th 1781, GLC02437.01242, GLI; Howard H. Peckham, The Toll of Independence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 92. Great article about the Yorktown artillerymen . There are also description books for the Royal Artillery, 1749-1863 and 1773-1876, in WO 54/260-309 and WO 69/74-80, respectively, and for the Royal Irish Artillery, 1756-1774, in WO 69/620. All Rights Reserved. Clicking on the View Image icon on the search results or record level pages will take you to the first image of the roll that the individual is on. The third company commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment may have been Capt.-Lt. Jesse Crosby who was wounded at the Battle of Green Springs. Contact Us Tools. What song did the British actually play as they surrendered at Yorktown? With a small force left in New York, about 2,500 Americans and 4,000 French soldiersfacing some 8,000 British troopsbegan digging their own trenches 800 yards from the Brits and started a nearly week-long artillery assault on the enemy on October 9. Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. Althause's Company of New York Volunteers Valley Forge Muster Roll. URL: http://olivetreegenealogy.com/ Record types contained in this collection include: Muster rolls Payrolls Strength returns Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units Colonial National Historical Park preserves the Yorktown Battlefield, one of the most pivotal Revolutionary War battlefields and a must-see for any Revolutionary War enthusiast. $249.99 Add to Favorites . For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individual's name. Uploaded by This database contains U.S. Navy muster rolls and associated reports of changes for U.S. Navy enlisted personnel who served on U.S. Navy ships or in other naval activities between 31 January 1938 and 31 December 1949. Roster of Patriot Soldiers at the Battles of Ninety Six (1775 & 1781) Roster : Roster of South Carolina Patriots in the American Revolution by Bobby G. Moss Patriots : Patriots at Cowpens by Bobby G Moss Papers : see files in blue folders- copies of pension, etc Savannah : From Savannah to Yorktown by Henry Lumpkin The number of unexploded shells out of the 2,178 fired by American gunners is unknown so any such problem cannot be quantified. The Field Officer of the Trenches was also supposed to report daily on the apparent effect on the enemys works of the bombardment, but the fact that none of the nine reports contain such information indicates that the damage to the British works was obvious. Private Capt. An index to the names of individuals contained in these records was created by Direct Data Capture. The war with Britain had reached a stalemate. Thomas Lynch Montgomery, ed., Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (Harrisburg: Harrisburg Publishing Company, 1906), 3:1021, records that among the wounded artillerymen was Henry Love of Pennsylvania who lost a leg during the siege. As long as a round landed behind British lines, Washingtons goal was achieved. Don't miss my book on the Loyalist Isaac Vollick (aka Van Valkenburg). The siege was a decisive Franco-American victory: after the surrender of British Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis on October 17, the government of Lord North fell, and its replacement entered into peace negotiations that resulted . Search by name of regiment and specify the appropriate record series from the table below. That morning, a lone British drummer boy, beating parley and British officer waving a white handkerchief tied to the end of a sword are seen on a parapet at the forward position of the British lines. A British sentry fires at the Americans and the Americans proceeded to assault the fortification, climbing over the parapet and descending into the redoubt. 1783 Army List. The Modern Military Branch, National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001, has custody of deck logs from 1941 to 1983, as well as muster rolls. The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. 6 1782 In support of this theory see Greene, The Guns of Independence, 184, 203, 271, 275, 379-380 and John Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (London: John Millan, 1768), 152-153, 204-205. on August 12, 2008. But I guess since, Appreciated Stuarts podcast and learned a lot. 19, 1781 Knoxs order for ricochet firing may account for many of the unexploded shells since fuses could have been damaged or torn out from ground contact before the shells exploded. France was a longtime foe of Britain and still thirsting for revenge after their defeat by the Crown in the Seven Years War. Ensign . [13], Prior to the beginning of the bombardment Knox issued orders that a Field officer of artillery will be appointed every day to command in the Trenches he will pointedly attend that the firing is well-directed according to the object and further ordered that the officers of Artillery in the Batteries are to level every piece themselves. Colonel Lamb and Lieutenant Colonel Stevens took the first days assignment as field officer of, respectively, the batteries and the artillery park; subsequently Lieutenant Colonel Carrington and Major Bauman relieved Lamb and Stevens and that cycle continued throughout the siege. Record types contained in this collection include: Revolutionary War American Forces included various organizations formed by the Continental Congress as well as individual states, counties, and towns. Jno. Wm. On receiving word that the French fleet will be available for a siege south of New Jersey,Washington and Rochambeau move their force of almost 8,000 men south to Virginia, planning to join and lead about 12,000 other militia, French troops, and Continental troops in a siege of Yorktown. At the time, British forces were fighting on two fronts, with General Henry Clinton occupying New York City, and Cornwallis, who had already captured Charleston and Savannah, in South Carolina. Yorktown order of battle | Military Wiki | Fandom The heavy cannons pounded the British mercilessly, and by October 11 had knocked out most of the British guns, the Army Heritage Center Foundation states. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence